Machine tools are machines that process metal blanks into machine parts. The workload they undertake accounts for about half of the total manufacturing workload of machines. They play a very important role in the processing of parts. At present, there are many methods for machine tools to process mechanical parts on the market, such as cutting, casting, welding, stamping, extrusion and so on. As long as the parts with high precision are produced, more than half of the processes will be processed by machine tools. There are many kinds of machine tools, generally divided into ordinary machines, precision machine tools, high-precision machine tools, CNC machine tools and so on. However, most of them are composed of the following parts: supporting parts, speed change mechanism, feed mechanism, tool holder, control and control system, lubrication system, cooling system and so on. Servo control is widely used in machine tool control and operation system. With the development of market demand and science and technology, the development of manufacturing technology in machine tool industry shows the following six trends:

The application of compound processing technology is more extensive, new compound processing machine tools such as Turning-Milling and milling machine tools, turning-grinding machine tools, gear processing machine tools, Turning-Milling machine tools and 5-axis linkage machine tools are constantly emerging; heavy machine tools add multi-functional accessories and turntables, and the trend of compound processing is obvious; metal cutting and special processing compound has made new progress, laser, electric addition and so on. The compound technology of machining and cutting has already been widely used. The popularization and application of compound processing technology will have an important impact on the production process of multi-varieties and small batches.

The application speed of direct drive technology is accelerating. Because of the progress of power electronics and numerical control technology, and the maturity of linear motor, moment motor, motorized spindle, grating detection and other components, the application speed of direct drive technology in CNC machine tools is accelerating. Many new products of foreign machine tool enterprises have been driven by linear motor. The application of direct drive technology will greatly promote the structural change and performance improvement of NC machine tools.

Micro-manufacturing technology of three-milling machine and gantry milling machine is emerging. Inter-Micro is a new micro-manufacturing technology with high efficiency, green and high precision, which is used to process various micro-parts with 3D shape. At present, with the support of the European Union, the research group composed of universities, research institutes and enterprises in Germany and Italy has achieved relevant results, such as ultra-precision 5-axis linkage micro-diamond and cubic boron nitride tool processing technology and equipment. Micro-manufacturing technology has great application potential, which should be paid attention to by the industry.

The low-temperature processing technology of four milling machine has been put into practice. Some studies show that the chip removal rate of low-temperature processing technology is 2-4 times of the original processing method, and the tool life can be prolonged by 2 times. Especially in the field of hard metal cutting, such as titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, ductile iron (CG1) cutting effect is remarkable. Foreign enterprises have introduced cryogenic processing technology and equipment, and gained application experience in aviation manufacturing and processing.

Green manufacturing technology of five lathes, milling machines, gantry milling machines and other machine tools is rising. Green manufacturing technology is a comprehensive technology, saving energy, saving resources and improving productivity are the core requirements of green manufacturing technology. The application of green manufacturing technology is an urgent issue in the development of CNC machine tools in China. In fact, the application of green manufacturing technology is not only the objective requirement of sustainable development, but also the requirement of market competition.

Six "solutions" is an important form of industrial development. Providing users with "solutions" reflects the integration of technology and management, which is the inevitable requirement of technological progress of the times. Comprehensive solutions are the advanced form of manufacturing services today. In the future, machine tool processing enterprises will not be able to meet all the requirements of customers only by providing mainframes for the use of enterprises. Only by providing one-stop "solutions", becoming "technicians" of users and providing "long-term services and contracts", can they win orders in the fierce market competition.

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